Analysis of acupoint selection rules of Tuina in the treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea based on Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support Platform / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective:To analyze the rules and distribution of acupuncture points used in pediatric tuina treatment for autumn diarrhea, and to provide a theoretical basis for the promotion and application of Tuina treatment techniques for pediatric diarrhea.Methods:We searched the literature on Tuina treatment of pediatric autumn diarrhea in the Chinese academic journals full-text database (CNKI), Chinese science and technology journals full-text database (VIP), Wanfang database and Chinese biomedical database (SinoMed), and collected the Tuina prescriptions on children's autumn diarrhea disease from the database to March 2021,with the help of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support Platform (V 2.0) software,and Data mining technology was applied to analyze the common acupoints and acupoint distribution of pediatric Tuina treatment of autumn diarrhea to form the core acupoints used in pediatric Tuina treatment of autumn diarrhea.Results:A total of 101 pediatric autumn diarrhea Tuina prescriptions were screened, involving 61 acupoints, among them 18 acupoints used more frequently, and 35 acupoint combinations were obtained, including 15 two-acupoint combinations, 11 three-acupoint combinations, and 2 four-acupoint combinations, and 7 new acupoint combinations were obtained.Conclusion:The core points mainly belong to the spleen meridian, large intestine meridian, abdomen, seven knotted bones, turtle tail, spine, and umbilicus, which can be used as a basic Tuina prescription for clinical reference.

Identification of enteric viruses from raw water using fluoro-immuno-magnetic separation coupled to RT-PCR / Identificación de virus entéricos en aguas crudas usando separación inmuno-magnética acoplada a RT-PCR

Abstract | Introduction: Enteric viruses have been associated with the production of a variety of diseases transmitted by the fecal-oral route and carried through contaminated food and water. Given their structure and composition, they are highly resistant to environmental conditions and most of the chemical agents used in the purification processes. Therefore, the systematic monitoring of raw water is necessary to ensure its quality especially when it is used for producing drinking water for human consumption. Objective: We identified the presence of rotavirus and hepatitis A virus by means of the fluoro-immuno-magnetic separation technique (FIMS) in raw water taken from four purification plants and their water supplies in the department of Norte de Santander. Materials and methods: The viruses were captured and separated from the water samples using magnetic microparticles functionalized with monoclonal anti-Hepatitis A and anti-Rotavirus antibodies. Confocal microscopy was used to monitor the viral concentration process and transmission electron microscopy for the morphological visualization of the separated viruses. The reverse transcriptase-coupled polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was applied to confirm the presence of pathogens. Results: The two enteric viruses were identified in the majority of the analyzed water samples including water supply sources. Conclusion: We determined that the FIMS technique together with RT-PCR is highly effective for the detection of viral pathogens in complex matrices such as raw water.

Resumen | Introducción. Los virus entéricos se asocian con una serie de enfermedades transmitidas por vía fecal-oral en alimentos o agua contaminada. Dada su estructura y composición, son muy resistentes a las condiciones ambientales y a la mayoría de los agentes químicos empleados en los procesos de potabilización, por lo cual es necesario un monitoreo sistemático del agua cruda para asegurar su calidad, máxime cuando se emplea como materia prima en la producción de agua potable para consumo humano. Objetivo. Determinar la presencia de rotavirus y del virus de la hepatitis A mediante la técnica de separación fluoro-inmuno-magnética en agua cruda procedente de cuatro plantas de potabilización y sus fuentes hídricas en el departamento de Norte de Santander. Materiales y métodos. Los virus fueron capturados y separados a partir de las muestras de agua, empleando micropartículas magnéticas funcionalizadas con anticuerpos monoclonales anti-hepatitis A y anti-rotavirus. Se empleó microscopía confocal para hacer el seguimiento del proceso de concentración viral y, microscopía electrónica de transmisión, para la visualización morfológica de los virus separados. La reacción en cadena de la polimerasa acoplada a transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR) se utilizó para confirmar la presencia de los patógenos. Resultados. Los dos virus entéricos se detectaron en la mayoría de las muestras de agua analizadas, incluidas las de sus fuentes hídricas. Conclusión. La técnica de separación fluoro-inmuno-magnética acoplada a RT-PCR fue altamente efectiva en la detección de patógenos virales en matrices complejas como el agua cruda.

Role of heat-shock proteins in infection of human adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7 by tumor-adapted rotavirus isolates / Papel de las proteínas de choque térmico en la infección de la línea celular de adenocarcinoma humano MCF-7 por aislados de rotavirus adaptados a tumores

Abstract Background: Viruses are being used as alternative and complementary tools for treating cancers. Oncolytic viruses exhibit tumor tropism, ability to enhance anti-tumor immunity and ability to be used in combination with conventional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We have recently selected some rotavirus isolates which are adapted to efficiently infect and kill tumor cell lines. Aim: We tested five tumor cell-adapted rotavirus isolates for their ability to infect the human adenocarcinoma cell line MCF-7. Methods: Cell surface membrane-associated proteins mediating virus particle attachment were characterized using ELISA, immunoprecipitation, FACS analysis, and antibody blocking. Results: It was found that heat shock proteins (HSPs) such as Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp60, and Hsp40 are expressed on the cell surface forming complexes with protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), integrin β3, and heat shock cognate protein 70 (Hsc70) in lipid raft microdomains. Interaction of rotavirus isolates with these cellular proteins was further confirmed by a competition assay and an inhibition assay involving the HSPs tested. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the tumor cell-adapted rotavirus isolates studied here offer a promising tool for killing tumor cells, thus encouraging further research into this topic, including animal models.

Resumen Antecedentes: Los virus se utilizan como herramientas alternativas y complementarias para el tratamiento del cáncer. Los virus oncolíticos exhiben tropismo por tumores, capacidad para intensificar la inmunidad antitumoral y la capacidad para utilizarse en combinación con quimioterapia y radioterapia convencionales. Recientemente, hemos seleccionado algunos aislamientos de rotavirus que están adaptados para infectar y eliminar de manera eficiente líneas de células tumorales. Objetivo: Se ensayaron cinco aislamientos de rotavirus adaptados a células tumorales para determinar su capacidad para infectar la línea celular de adenocarcinoma humano MCF-7. Métodos: Las proteínas asociadas a la membrana de la superficie celular que median la unión de partículas de virus se caracterizaron mediante ELISA, inmunoprecipitación, análisis FACS y bloqueo de anticuerpos. Resultados: Se encontró que las proteínas de choque térmico (HSPs) como Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp60 y Hsp40 se expresan en la superficie celular formando complejos con la proteína disulfuro isomerasa (PDI), la integrina β3 y la proteína análoga de choque térmico 70 (Hsc70) en microdominios lipídicos (rafts). La interacción de los aislamientos de rotavirus con estas proteínas celulares se confirmó adicionalmente mediante un ensayo de competición y un ensayo de inhibición que incluía las HSP ensayadas. Conclusión: Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que los aislamientos de rotavirus adaptados a las células tumorales estudiados aquí ofrecen una herramienta prometedora para eliminar las células tumorales, lo que estimula más investigaciones sobre este tema, incluidos los modelos animales.

Influence of human rotavirus vaccine in hospitalizations for gastroenteritis in children in Brazil / Influencia de la vacuna contra el rotavirus humano en las hospitalizaciones por gastroenteritis en niños en Brasil / Influência da vacina contra o rotavírus humano em hospitalizações por gastroenterite em crianças no Brasil

ABSTRACT Objectives: to describe and analyze the influence of human rotavirus vaccine on hospitalizations for gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age, in Brazil, 2001 to 2018 (pre- and post-vaccination period). Method: this is a retrospective, descriptive ecological study, combining the description of a time series from 2001 to 2018 and collected in the months August 2019 to Janaury 2020. The data were obtained from a secondary source. To analyze the effect of different variables, multiple models of mathematical evaluations were used (accumulated growth rate, geometric growth rate; standard deviation, mean, variance and simple linear regression). The level of significance was set at 5% (p <0.05). Results: there was a reduction in hospitalizations related to gastroenteritis in children under 5 years old, when comparing the pre- and post-vaccination periods. This reduction occurred in all Brazilian regions. Conclusion: after the implementation of human rotavirus vaccine, there was a significant reduction in hospitalizations of children under 5 years.

RESUMEN Objetivos: describir y analizar la influencia de la vacuna contra el rotavirus humano en las hospitalizaciones por gastroenteritis en niños menores de 5 años, en Brasil, 2001 a 2018 (período pre y posvacunación). Método: se trata de un estudio ecológico descriptivo, retrospectivo, que combina la descripción de la serie temporal de 2001 a 2018 y recogidos en los meses de 2019 a enero de 2020. Los datos se obtuvieron de una fuente secundaria. Para analizar el efecto de diferentes variables se utilizaron múltiples modelos de evaluaciones matemáticas (tasa de crecimiento acumulada, tasa de crecimiento geométrico; desviación estándar, media, varianza y regresión lineal simple). Se consideró el nivel de significancia del 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: hubo una reducción de las hospitalizaciones por gastroenteritis en menores de 5 años, al comparar los periodos pre y posvacunación. Esta reducción ocurrió en todas las regiones brasileñas. Conclusión: luego de la implementación de la vacuna contra el rotavirus humano, hubo una reducción significativa en las hospitalizaciones de niños menores de 5 años.

RESUMO Objetivos: descrever e analisar a influência da vacina contra o rotavírus humano nas hospitalizações por gastroenterite em crianças menores de 5 anos, no Brasil, 2001 a 2018 (período pré e pós-vacinal). Método: trata-se de um estudo ecológico retrospectivo, descritivo, combinando a descrição das séries temporais do período de 2001 a 2018. Os dados foram obtidos de fonte secundária e coletados nos meses de agosto de 2019 a janeiro de 2020. Para análise do efeito de diferentes variáveis, utilizaram-se múltiplos modelos de avaliações matemáticas (taxa de crescimento acumulado, taxa de crescimento geométrico; desvio padrão, média, variância e regressão linear simples). Considerou-se o nível de significância de 5% (p<0,05). Resultados: houve redução das hospitalizações relacionadas à gastroenterites em crianças menores de 5 anos, quando comparados os períodos pré e pós-vacinal. Essa redução ocorreu em todas as regiões brasileiras. Conclusão: após a implementação da vacina contra o rotavírus humano, houve expressiva redução das hospitalizações de crianças menores de 5 anos.

Assessing the oncolytic potential of rotavirus on mouse myeloma cell line Sp2/0-Ag14 / Evaluación del potencial oncolítico del rotavirus en la línea celular Sp2/0-Ag14 de mieloma de ratón

Introduction: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States, surpassed only by cardiovascular disease. However, cancer has now overtaken cardiovascular disease as the main cause of death in 12 countries in Western Europe. The burden of cancer is posing a major challenge to health care systems worldwide and demanding improvements in methods for cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Alternative and complementary strategies for orthodox surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy need to be developed. Objective: To determine the oncolytic potential of tumor cell-adapted rotavirus in terms of their ability to infect and lysate murine myeloma Sp2/0-Ag14 cells. Materials and methods: We inoculated rotaviruses Wt1-5, WWM, TRUYO, ECwt-O, and WTEW in Sp2/0-Ag14 cells and we examined their infectious effects by immunocytochemistry, immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and DNA fragmentation assays. Results: Rotavirus infection involved the participation of some heat shock proteins, of protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), and integrin ß3. We detected the accumulation of viral antigens within the virus-inoculated cells and in the culture medium in all the rotavirus isolates examined. The rotavirus-induced cell death mechanism in Sp2/0-Ag14 cells involved changes in cell membrane permeability, chromatin condensation, and DNA fragmentation, which were compatible with cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Conclusions: The ability of the rotavirus isolates Wt1-5, WWM, TRUYO, ECwt-O, and WTEW to infect and cause cell death of Sp2/0-Ag14 cells through mechanisms that are compatible with virus-induced apoptosis makes them potential candidates as oncolytic agents.

Introducción. El cáncer es la segunda causa de muerte en los Estados Unidos, solamente superado por la enfermedad cardiovascular. Sin embargo, el cáncer aventaja a la enfermedad cardiovascular como primera causa de muerte en doce países de Europa occidental. Se requieren mejores métodos de prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento para afrontar el gran desafío que el cáncer representa mundialmente para los sistemas de salud, y se necesita desarrollar estrategias alternativas y complementarias a la cirugía, la radioterapia y la quimioterapia convencionales. Objetivo. Evaluar el potencial oncolítico de rotavirus adaptados a células tumorales por su capacidad para infectar y lisar células Sp2/0-Ag14 de mieloma de ratón. Materiales y métodos. Los aislamientos de rotavirus Wt1-5, WWM, TRUYO, ECwt-O y WTEW se inocularon en células Sp2/0-Ag14 y se examinaron sus efectos infecciosos mediante inmunocitoquímica, inmunofluorescencia, citometría de flujo y ensayos de fragmentación del ADN. Resultados. La infección con los rotavirus Wt1-5, WWM, TRUYO, ECwt-O y WTEW implicó la participación de algunas proteínas de choque térmico, la proteína disulfuro isomerasa y la integrina ß3. La acumulación de antígenos virales intracelulares y extracelulares se detectó en todos los virus utilizados. Los mecanismos de muerte inducidos por los rotavirus en células Sp2/0-Ag14 indujeron cambios en la permeabilidad de la membrana celular, la condensación de cromatina y la fragmentación de ADN, los cuales fueron compatibles con citotoxicidad y apoptosis. Conclusiones. La capacidad de los rotavirus estudiados para infectar y causar la muerte de células Sp2/0-Ag14 mediante mecanismos compatibles con la apoptosis inducida viralmente los convierte en candidatos potenciales para ser utilizados como agentes oncolíticos.

Association of meteorological factors rotavirus diarrhea among children under 5 years old / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyses the association between temperature, rainfall, relative humidity with rotavirus diarrhea among under 5 years old children, and provide theoretical basis for its scientific prevention and control.@*Methods@#Data on rotavirus diarrhea and meteorology in Xiaoshan District from 2005 to 2019 was collected. Distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) was conducted to estimate the association between rotavirus diarrhea with meteorological factors, stratified by sex and age.@*Results@#Low temperature (-3 ℃) and low relative humidity (46%) were found to be positively associated with rotavirus diarrhea[RR(95%CI)=1.60(1.31-1.96), 1.22(1.13-1.32)]. The incidence decreased with the increase of rainfall, relative risk of 25 mm were 0.66(95%CI=0.60-0.72) relative to 10 mm. Stratification analysis showed that girls were more sensitive to relative humidity than boys. Compared with children aged 0-2 years old, children aged 3-5 years old were more susceptible to temperature and relative humidity.In the case of extreme rainfall(>50 mm), with the increase of rainfall, the incidence of children aged 3-5 years with diarrhea continued to decrease, while that of children aged 0-2 years increased.@*Conclusion@#Low temperature, rainfall and relative humidity are associated with increased risk of rotavirus diarrhea in children, with gender and age difference, the impact of extreme weather on children health should be taken seriously.

The molecular epidemiology of human group A rotavirus infections in children in Hangzhou in 2017 / 中华检验医学杂志

Objective To analyze the infectious status and genotype characteristics of group A rotavirus (RV) in children with diarrhea in Hangzhou city in 2017, and to provide information for the disease surveillance, epidemic control as well as vaccine development.Methods Fecal samples from children with acute diarrhea at Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University were collected from Jan to Dec in 2017. All samples were tested for RV antigen by emulsion technique. The antigen-positive samples were further detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and sequencing to determine the G and P genotypes. The RV positive rates in different genders, ages and months were compared by chi-square test. Results A total of 20895 fecal samples were collected from 12389 male patients and 8506 female patients. The gender ratio was 1.46:1. In 5012 (23.99％) RV antigen positive samples, 2964 (23.92％) were from male patients and 2048 (24.08％) were from female patients. There was no gender difference in RV positive rate (χ2=0.049, P>0.05). In the study, RV could be detected in the whole year. January, February and December were peak months, and the RV positive rates were significantly different in different months (χ2=2654.681, P<0.05). The highest RV positive rate was in 18-24 months age group and the lowest in<6 months age group, respectively. Children under 2 years old accounted for 76.56％RV positive cases, and those under 5 years old accounted for 98.72％ RV positive cases. The RV positive rates were also significantly different in all age groups (χ2=1013.832, P<0.05). A total of 116 samples were selected from each month, following the random stratified sampling principle, for PCR amplification, sequencing, and genotyping according to VP7 (G genotype) and VP4 (P genotype). A total of 4 G genotypes were detected and G9 (85.3％) was the predominant one. In the two detected P genotypes, P[8] (96.6％) was predominant. The 4 G/P combination genotypes were G9P[8] (85.3％), G3P[8] (9.5％), G2P[4] (3.5％), and G1P[8] (1.7％). Conclusions RV was a common pathogen in pediatric patients with acute diarrhea in Hangzhou city in 2017. Children under 5 years old, especially 18 months to 2 years old infants was the main infected population. The study showed RV infection had obvious seasonality and winter was the peak period. The G9 genotype was predominant in G genotypes, P[8] genotype was predominant in P genotypes, and G9P[8] genotype was predominant in G/P combination genotypes, respectively.

Clinical significance of serum myocardial enzyme detection in infants with rotavirus enteritis / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the clinical significance of serum myocardial enzyme detection in infants with rotavirus (RV) enteritis.Methods One hundred and two infants with enteritis were selected as study objects .52 cases diagnosed as RV enteritis were selected as observation group ,while the other 50 cases with negative RV were selected as control groups .The fasting serum myocardial enzyme levels of the two groups were detected .Results The serum myocardial enzyme levels including AST ,ALT,LDH,CK,CK-MB,α-HBD in the observation group were (46.54 ±3.27)U/L,(28.32 ±12.90)U/L,(395.61 ±38.75)U/L,(148.43 ±18.22)U/L,(62.98 ±4.17)U/L, (271.28 ±22.64) U/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(34.02 ± 8.93)U/L,(22.27 ±11.42) U/L,(295.84 ±56.36) U/L,(119.74 ±20.06) U/L,(42.85 ±9.73) U/L, (235.30 ±19.18) U/L] (t =26.765,24.572,38.337,31.329,25.453,56.832,all P <0.05).Conclusion Infants with RV enteritis are more likely to have myocardial injury than simple RV negative enteritis ,it is important to monitor ECG and serum myocardial enzyme levels ,which can help to diagnose and improve prognosis .

Analysis of liver function and myocardial enzyme level of 395 cases with infantile rotavirus enteritis / 中国基层医药

Objective To detect the damage incidence rate of liver and myocardium in infantile rotavirus (RV) enteritis.And to provide the basis for prevention and cure of liver and myocardium damage in infantile RV enteritis.Methods The liver function and myocardial enzyme detection results of 395 patients with infantile RV enteritis were collected .These results were compared with those of 40 healthy kids from health examinations . Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase ( ALT ) , aspartate amino transferase ( AST ) , serum creatine kinase (CK) and serum creatine kinase isozyme(CK-MB) from infantile patients were (34.49 ±29.13)U/L,(52.44 ± 24.10)U/L,(141.75 ±132.22)U/L and (48.69 ±32.53)U/L,respectively,which were higher than those of the healthy control [(16.00 ±3.24)U/L,(29.90 ±3.76)U/L,(101.82 ±64.56)U/L and (22.32 ±8.98)U/L,t=4.008,5.901,3.982,5.64,all P<0.05].The abnormal occurrence rates of ALT ,AST,CK and CK-MB in infantile patients were 19.49％,73.16％,12.15％,73.16％,respectively,which were higher than those in healthy controls (2.50％,20.00％,0.00％,0.00％),the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =7.128,47.397,5.464, 300.239,all P<0.05).The incidence rates of liver and myocardium damage were 19.49％and 73.16％,respectively. Conclusion There are higher incidence rates of liver and myocardium damage in infantile RV enteritis .So for the infantile RV enteritis patients ,it is necessary to detect the liver function and myocardial enzyme level .The treatment for infantile RV enteritis should be included liver and myocardial protection except antivirus and correcting dehydration .

Circulating profile of rotavirus a, g and p genotypes before and after vaccine introduction in the Brazilian mid-west 1986-2015

The purpose of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of Rotavirus A (RVA) G and P genotypes circulating in the Brazilian Mid-West in the period 1986-2015. Seven studies conducted from 1986 to 2009 were included, as well as fecal samples obtained in the period 2014-2015. RVA was screened by ELISA and/or PAGE; genotyping by conventional RT-PCR and/or genomic sequencing. A temporal variation in the predominance of G genotypes mainly G1 and G2 with G9 and G12 emergence was observed. Even with vaccination, RVA continues to circulate in the population, requiring continuous virus monitoring

The effect of Succinate injection combined with Bifico on the myocardial enzymes changes of the children with rotavirus enteritis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the effect of Succinate injection combined with Bifico on the myocardial enzymes changes of the children with rotavirus enteritis.Methods A total of 146 children with rotavirus enteritis were enrolled and included in this study. Children were randomly divided into the control group (n=73) and the observation group (n=73). The control group was received Bifico on the basis of routine treatment, and observation group was received Succinate injection combined with Bifico. The IL-17, IL-6, TNF-?, LDH, CK, and CKMB was detected by ELISA. The rates of clinical effects was compared.Results After treatment, the IL-17 (22.35 ± 4.21 ng/mlvs. 30.24 ± 6.07 ng/ml,t=2.395), IL-6(31.26 ± 6.14 ng/mlvs. 43.72 ± 8.22 ng/ml,t=2.347), TNF-? (35.62 ± 6.24 ng/mlvs. 49.18 ± 8.72 ng/ml,t=2.421), LDH (135.16 ± 31.25 U/Lvs. 174.08 ± 40.22 U/L,t=2.373), CK (37.82 ± 7.39 U/Lvs. 50.21 ± 11.16 U/L,t=2.385), and CKMB (90.14 ± 11.63 U/Lvs. 113.22 ± 18.35 U/L,t=2.392) in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The rates of clinical effects was 94.5% (69/73) in the observation group and 83.6% (61/73) in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=2.352,P=0.047).Conclusions The Succinate injection combined with Bifico could reduce the inflammatory indices and alleviate the myocardial injury in the RVE patients.

Effects of lysine and gluconic acid zinc granules combined with cimetidine on serum creatine kinase isoenzyme, aspartate aminotransferase and interleukin-6 levels and prognosis in children with rotavirus enteritis / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of lysine and gluconic acid zinc granules combined with cimetidine on serum creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and prognosis in children with rotavirus enteritis. Methods Eighty-one children with rotavirus enteritis were randomly divided into control group (40 patients) and observation group (41 patients).The patients in control group were treated with cimetidine, and those in the observation group were treated with cimetidine combined with lysine and gluconic acid zinc granules. Clinical treatment, dehydration correction time, diarrhea time, fever time and serum CK-MB, AST and IL-6 levels were observed and compared between two groups. The occurrence of toxic side effects and vitality, physiological function, mental status scores were statistically analyzed. Results The total effective rate in observation group was 95.12%(39/41), in control group was 75.00%(30/40), and there was significant difference (P < 0.05). The dehydration correction time, diarrhea time, fever time after treatment in observation group was less than that in control group (P<0.05). The serum CK-MB, AST and IL-6 levels after treatment in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between observation group 17.07%(7/41) and control group 10.00%(4/40) (P>0.05). The scores of physiological function, vitality and mental status scores in observation group were higher those in control group, and there were significant differences(P < 0.01). Conclusions The lysine and gluconic acid zinc granules combined with cimetidine in the treatment of rotavirus enteritis gets has a significant effect and high safety, which can alleviate the inflammatory reaction and improve the myocardial enzymes levels and the quality of life.

Effects of lysine and gluconic acid zinc granules combined with cimetidine on serum creatine kinase isoenzyme, aspartate aminotransferase and interleukin-6 levels and prognosis in children with rotavirus enteritis / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of lysine and gluconic acid zinc granules combined with cimetidine on serum creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and prognosis in children with rotavirus enteritis. Methods Eighty-one children with rotavirus enteritis were randomly divided into control group (40 patients) and observation group (41 patients).The patients in control group were treated with cimetidine, and those in the observation group were treated with cimetidine combined with lysine and gluconic acid zinc granules. Clinical treatment, dehydration correction time, diarrhea time, fever time and serum CK-MB, AST and IL-6 levels were observed and compared between two groups. The occurrence of toxic side effects and vitality, physiological function, mental status scores were statistically analyzed. Results The total effective rate in observation group was 95.12%(39/41), in control group was 75.00%(30/40), and there was significant difference (P < 0.05). The dehydration correction time, diarrhea time, fever time after treatment in observation group was less than that in control group (P<0.05). The serum CK-MB, AST and IL-6 levels after treatment in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between observation group 17.07%(7/41) and control group 10.00%(4/40) (P>0.05). The scores of physiological function, vitality and mental status scores in observation group were higher those in control group, and there were significant differences(P < 0.01). Conclusions The lysine and gluconic acid zinc granules combined with cimetidine in the treatment of rotavirus enteritis gets has a significant effect and high safety, which can alleviate the inflammatory reaction and improve the myocardial enzymes levels and the quality of life.

Hospital-based Surveillance of Rotavirus Diarrhea among Under- five Children in Chandigarh.

In a prospective hospital-based surveillance of 958 under five children admitted with acute gastroenteritis in Chandigarh (May 2011 to July 2012), 239 stool samples were collected. Rotavirus antigen was detected in 18.8% of samples by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Genotypes G1P[8] (53.3%), G12P[6] (15.6%) were prevalent, and G3 not detected.

Potassium sodium dehydroandroan drographolide succinate combined with routine therapy for rotavirusenteritis in children / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of potassium sodium dehydroandroan drographolide succinate (PSDS) combined with routine therapy for rotavirus enteritis in children.MethodsA total of 148 children with rotavirus enteritis were included and divided into an observation group and a control group by random number table method, 74 in each group. The children in the observation group were treated with intravenous PSDS combined with routine therapy, and those in the control group with intravenous ribavirin combined with routine therapy. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) were determined using standard clinical laboratory procedures. The clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results The total efficacy rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group (91.9%vs. 78.4%;χ2=2.314,P<0.05). After the treatment, the serum levels of IL-6 (18.24 ± 3.62 ng/mlvs. 25.36 ± 5.25 ng/ml; t=2.425,P<0.05) and TNF-α (20.86 ± 4.28 ng/mlvs. 31.22 ± 7.15 ng/ml;t=2.503,P<0.05), and the plasma levels of LDH (104.25 ± 22.06 U/Lvs. 150.26 ± 37.22 U/L;t=2.316,P<0.05), CK (84.25 ± 13.57 U/Lvs. 107.88 ± 16.28 U/L;t=2.327,P<0.05) and CK-MB (22.30 ± 4.24 U/Lvs. 32.26 ± 7.14 U/L;t=2.426,P<0.05) in the observation group was significantly lower than those in the control group. The time to diarrhea resolution (2.42 ± 0.53 dvs.3.56 ± 0.78 d;t=2.316,P<0.05) and the time to fever resolution(2.11 ± 0.32 dvs.2.63 ± 0.43 d;t=2.472,P<0.05) in the observation group were significantly delayed than those in the control group, and the hospital length of stay longer (6.23 ± 1.42 dvs. 4.35 ± 0.96 d;t=2.413,P<0.05).Conclusions PSDS combined with routine therapy may reduce inflammatory response, protect from myocardial injury, and promote recovery in children with RVE.

The epidemiology of adults acute viral gastroenteritis in Shanghai Changning district from 2010 ;to 2013 / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of adults acute viral gastroenteritis in Shanghai Changning district. Methods All of 1 554 stool specimens of adults acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai Changning district from June 2010 to December 2013, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and multiple polymerase chain reaction was used to detecte different viruses. Results In all of 1 554 cases, the average age was (46.19 ± 15.59) years. Among them, 691 persons were male, 863 persons were female. Virus infection was detected in 407 cases, and the detection rate was 26.19%. Among them, 395 cases (97.05%) were single virus infection, and 12 cases (2.95%) were mixed infection. The peak of epidemic was from every November to next February. The incidence of watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever in virus positive group was significantly higher than that in virus negative group:95.09%(387/407) vs. 88.14%(1 011/1 147), 31.20%(127/407) vs. 18.83%(216/1 147), and 11.06%(45/407) vs. 7.59%(87/1147), P<0.01 or<0.05. Conclusions Rotavirus infection is common in adults with acute viral gastroenteritis. Patients with positive virus infection had a higher incidence of watery diarrhea, vomiting and fever. The peak of epidemic is winter.

Etiologic Analysis of Rotavirus Infection in Adults with Acute Gastroenteritis in Shanghai Changning District from 2010 to 2013 / 胃肠病学

Background:Acute gastroenteritis is the second largest public health problem in the world. Rotavirus(RV)is one of the pathogens of acute gastroenteritis in adults,researches focusing on RV infection may provide the basis for prevention and control of the disease. Aims:To determine the epidemiological characteristics of RV infection in adults with acute gastroenteritis in Shanghai,China. Methods:From Jun. 2010 to Dec. 2013,stool samples and clinical data in adults with acute gastroenteritis in a designated hospital in Shanghai Changning District were collected. ELISA and PCR were used to detect RV infection and its genotypes. Results:A total of 1 554 eligible stool samples from acute gastroenteritis patients were recruited,of them 691 were males and 863 were females,the mean age was(46. 19 ± 15. 59)years old. RV was detected in 189 patients with a detection rate of 12. 2% ,163(10. 5% )were categorized as group A RV and 26(1. 7% ) were group B/ C RV;the most common genotypes in group A RV were G9(30. 1% )and G1(25. 2% ). Watery stool and vomiting were more prevalent in RV-positive patients than in RV-negative patients(P < 0. 05). The detection rates in years 2010,2011,2012 and 2013 were 12. 2% ,14. 9% ,6. 8% and 16. 3% ,respectively. When analyzed by age group,the detection rate was significantly lower in 18-39 years group than those in 40-59,60-79,and ≥80 years groups(8. 7% vs. 14. 8% ,14. 2% ,and 17. 1% ,P < 0. 05). The peak of epidemic was from Nov. to next Feb. Conclusions:RV infection in adults with acute gastroenteritis is more popular in middle aged and elderly people and shows a winter seasonality in Shanghai,China. The most common genotypes of group A RV are G9 and G1.

Dynamic variation of creatine kinase MB isoenzymes and diagnostic value of myocardial damage in ;children with rotavirus diarrhea / 国际儿科学杂志

Objective To investagate the change of creatine kinase MB isoenzymes ( CK-MB ) in children with rotavirus diarrhea and to explore the value of CK-MB/CK in the diagnosis of myocardial damage. Methods A retrospective analysis of the clinical manifestation, laboratory test data and treatment was per-formed in children with rotavirus diarrhea and high CK-MB hospitalized in department of infectious disease, Si-hong Children Hospital. We investigated the dynamic changes of CK-MB in the rotavirus diarrhea patients with and without myocardial damage. Within the non-myocardial damage group, the fluctuation of CK-MB was compared between patients with nutrition therapy and patients with conventional therapy. Receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve was used to explore the predictive value of CK-MB/CK for the myocardial dam-age. Results A total of 603 patients (369 males, 234 females, aged 2~48 months) with high CK-MB were enrolled in this study ( 36 cases with myocardial damage ) . There were 54. 6% of enrolled patients showing higher CK-MB and 3. 3% of patients had myocardial damage. The levels of serum CK-MB in non-myocardial damage group reached the peak on day 7 and decreased to normal in 14 days. The levels of serum CK-MB in myocardial damage group reached the peak on day 14 and maintained at fairly high level for 8 weeks and then decreased to normal . Time for CK-MB to achieve peak is different between these two groups. There was no statistical significance in the levels of serum CK-MB on day1 to day 14 between patients with or without myocar-dial protection ( P >0. 05 ) . The ROC curves were constructed with area under the ROC curves of 0. 697 (0. 611, 0. 784, 95%CI). Conclusion Intrinsic dynamics of CK-MB existed in patients with rotavirus diar-rhea. The diagnostic value of CK-MB is limited in patients with myocardial damage.

Reduning combined with montmorillonite powder for infantile viral enteritis / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To observe the therapeutic effects of Reduning combined with montmorillonite powder for infantile viral enteritis. Methods A total of 136 patients with infantile viral enteritis in Shanxi Tongchuan Mining Bureau Central Hospital pediatric clinic from August 2010 to October 2013 were selected and divided into two group by random number table method, a Reduning group (65 cases) and a combined treatment group (71 cases). The Reduning group was treated with Reduning injection and the combined treatment group was treated with Reduning injection plus oral montmorillonite powder. The total efficiency, improvement of symptoms and staying hospital time were compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate in the combined treatment group was significantly higher than that in the Reduning group (97.1% vs. 59.9%, χ2=28.696, P<0.05). The fever clearance time (2.96 ± 1.32 d vs. 3.84 ± 1.94 d; t=2.587, P=0.011), the time to stop diarrhea (3.12 ± 1.44 d vs. 3.95 ± 1.97 d;t=2.340, P=0.022) and staying hospital time (4.60 ± 1.62 d vs. 5.86 ± 2.35 d;t=3.044, P=0.003) in the combined treatment group were all shorter than those in the Reduning group. Conclusions Reduning combined with montmorillonite powder is more effective in the treatment of infantile viral enteritis than Reduning alone, which shortens the course and staying hospital time.

Clinical effect of Qiuxieling associate with Licorzinc in treatment of infantile rotavirus enteritis / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the effects of Qiuxieling associate with Licorzinc therapy on infantile rotavirus enteritis. Methods Infants with rotavirus enteritis were divided into 4 groups (symptomatic and supportive treatment group,Licorzinc group,Qiuxieling group,and Qiuxieling combined with Licorzinc group).The curative effect was analyzed.Results The total ef-fective rates of symptomatic and supportive treatment group,Licorzinc group,Qiuxieling group,and Qiuxieling combined with Licorzinc group were 77.5%,82.5%,85.0% and 92.5%.The average disease courses of symptomatic and supportive treatment group,Licorzinc group,Qiuxieling group,and Qiuxieling combined with Licorzinc group were (6.44 ± 0.79 ),(5.82 ± 0.55 ), (5.66±0.50)and (4.78 ±0.50)days.The curative effects were significantly higher in Qiuxieling combined with Licorzinc group compared to symptomatic and supportive treatment group,Licorzinc group and Qiuxieling group (P <0.05).Conclusion Qiuxiel-ing and Licorzinc were significantly effective in the treatment of infantile rotavirus diarrhea,and can short the disease course.